Kolmos is a cloud database engine built for PostgreSQL, MySQL, and MongoDB workloads. It combines self-compressing storage, columnar architecture, and multi-wire compatibility to reduce database storage and cloud infrastructure costs.

Which database wire protocols does Kolmos support?

Kolmos natively supports PostgreSQL (port 5432), MySQL (port 3306), and MongoDB (port 27017) wire protocols. Standard drivers, ORMs (Prisma, Drizzle, SQLAlchemy, Hibernate), and database clients connect seamlessly with zero application code changes.

How does Kolmos reduce cloud database storage costs?

Kolmos uses an autonomous Explanation Ladder that mines Minimum Description Length (MDL) formulas and prototype clusters to compress data 1.66×–2.12× smaller than Parquet-zstd. It stores files directly on Cloudflare R2 object storage ($0.015/GB/mo) with zero data egress fees, cutting overall cloud database storage bills by 10× to 40×.

Is Kolmos data recovery 100% lossless?

Yes. Kolmos guarantees 100% mathematical fidelity via Invariant #1: decode(encode(x)) == x across all SQL and BSON data types. Every row decodes bit-perfectly with zero precision drift.

How does Kolmos execute fast analytical queries on cloud object storage?

Kolmos embeds min/max statistics and Bloom filters into segment headers. Using Apache DataFusion vectorized execution and predicate pushdown, the engine prunes irrelevant segments and streams zero-copy Apache Arrow memory buffers without downloading unneeded data.

What prevents vendor lock-in with Kolmos storage formats?

Every Kolmos segment footer pins an open, self-contained WASM decoder covenant executed in an isolated Wasmtime sandbox. This guarantees your database files remain readable perpetually decades later without requiring proprietary server runtimes.

Docs/Getting Started

Architecture & Storage Savings

Deep dive into how KOLMOS delivers 80-90% storage cost reduction.

Last Updated: August 2026

The Problem with Traditional Database Storage

Traditional databases like MongoDB (WiredTiger BSON) and PostgreSQL store data row-by-row on expensive provisioned SSDs (AWS EBS gp3 costing $0.08–$0.25/GB/month + IOPS). As tables grow into terabytes, storage costs explode, and deleted rows create physical bloat.

How KOLMOS Reduces Storage Costs by 80-90%

KOLMOS decouples the **Wire Protocol Interface** from the **Storage Execution Core**: - **Columnar Compression:** Data is packed into columnar chunks using ZSTD and Snappy dictionary encoding, yielding a **3x to 5x physical compression ratio**. - **Cold Storage Offloading:** Historical data segments are automatically offloaded to Cloudflare R2 or AWS S3 ($0.015/GB/month with zero egress fees on R2). - **Auto-Vacuuming:** Deleted rows and tombstones are physically compacted during background segment merges, completely eliminating table bloat.

KOLMOS Multi-Protocol Architecture

All three protocols map directly to the same underlying DataFusion Arrow/Parquet storage layer:

textKOLMOS Reference

+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                        Client Applications                        |
|   Mongoose / Prisma / DBeaver / mongosh / psql / mysql / PyMongo  |
+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------------------+
                    |                 |
     MongoDB Wire   |   MySQL Wire    |   Postgres Wire
     (Port 27017)   |   (Port 3306)   |   (Port 5432)
                    v                 v
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
|               KOLMOS Unified Wire & Query Gateway                 |
|       SCRAM / Native Auth | BSON & SQL Tokenizers | DML Hooks     |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
                                  |
                                  v
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                     Apache DataFusion Engine                      |
|       Columnar Execution | Vectorized Scans | Query Planner       |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
                                  |
                                  v
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
|               KOLMOS Columnar Storage & Cold Tier                 |
|    Local Parquet Segments  <--->  Cloudflare R2 / AWS S3 Objects    |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+

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